Beatrix is going to place six rooks on a $6 \times 6$ chessboard where both the rows and columns are labeled $1$ to $6$; the rooks are placed so that no two rooks are in the same row or the same column. The $value$ of a square is the sum of its row number and column number. The $score$ of an arrangement of rooks is the least value of any occupied square. Find the average score over all valid configurations.
Equilateral $\triangle ABC$ has side length $600$. Points $P$ and $Q$ lie outside the plane of $\triangle ABC$ and are on opposite sides of the plane. Furthermore, $PA=PB=PC$, and $QA=QB=QC$, and the planes of $\triangle PAB$ and $\triangle QAB$ form a $120^{\circ}$ dihedral angle (the angle between the two planes). There is a point $O$ whose distance from each of $A,B,C,P,$ and $Q$ is $d$. Find $d$.
For $1 \leq i \leq 215$ let $a_i = \dfrac{1}{2^{i}}$ and $a_{216} = \dfrac{1}{2^{215}}$. Let $x_1, x_2, ..., x_{215}$ be positive real numbers such that $\sum_{i=1}^{215} x_i=1$ and $\sum_{i \leq i < j \leq 216} x_ix_j = \dfrac{107}{215} + \sum_{i=1}^{216} \dfrac{a_i x_i^{2}}{2(1-a_i)}$. The maximum possible value of $x_2=\dfrac{m}{n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m+n$.
Fifteen distinct points are designated on $\triangle ABC$: the 3 vertices $A$, $B$, and $C$; $3$ other points on side $\overline{AB}$; $4$ other points on side $\overline{BC}$; and $5$ other points on side $\overline{CA}$. Find the number of triangles with positive area whose vertices are among these $15$ points.
When each of $702$, $787$, and $855$ is divided by the positive integer $m$, the remainder is always the positive integer $r$. When each of $412$, $722$, and $815$ is divided by the positive integer $n$, the remainder is always the positive integer $s \neq r$. Fine $m+n+r+s$.
For a positive integer $n$, let $d_n$ be the units digit of $1 + 2 + \dots + n$. Find the remainder when \[\sum_{n=1}^{2017} d_n\]is divided by $1000$.
A pyramid has a triangular base with side lengths $20$, $20$, and $24$. The three edges of the pyramid from the three corners of the base to the fourth vertex of the pyramid all have length $25$. The volume of the pyramid is $m\sqrt{n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers, and $n$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $m+n$.
A rational number written in base eight is $\underline{a} \underline{b} . \underline{c} \underline{d}$, where all digits are nonzero. The same number in base twelve is $\underline{b} \underline{b} . \underline{b} \underline{a}$. Find the base-ten number $\underline{a} \underline{b} \underline{c}$.
A circle is circumscribed around an isosceles triangle whose two congruent angles have degree measure $x$. Two points are chosen independently and uniformly at random on the circle, and a chord is drawn between them. The probability that the chord intersects the triangle is $\frac{14}{25}$. Find the difference between the largest and smallest possible values of $x$.
For nonnegative integers $a$ and $b$ with $a + b \leq 6$, let $T(a, b) = \binom{6}{a} \binom{6}{b} \binom{6}{a + b}$. If $S$ denotes the sum of all $T(a, b)$, where $a$ and $b$ are nonnegative integers with $a + b \leq 6$. Find $S$.
Two real numbers $a$ and $b$ are chosen independently and uniformly at random from the interval $(0, 75)$. Let $O$ and $P$ be two points on the plane with $OP = 200$. Let $Q$ and $R$ be on the same side of line $OP$ such that the degree measures of $\angle POQ$ and $\angle POR$ are $a$ and $b$ respectively, and $\angle OQP$ and $\angle ORP$ are both right angles. The probability that $QR \leq 100$ is equal to $\frac{m}{n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m + n$
Let $a_{10} = 10$, and for each integer $n >10$ let $a_n = 100a_{n - 1} + n$. Find the least $n > 10$ such that $a_n$ is a multiple of $99$.
Let $z_1 = 18 + 83i$, $z_2 = 18 + 39i,$ and $z_3 = 78 + 99i,$ where $i = \sqrt{-1}$. Let $z$ be the unique complex number with the properties that $\frac{z_3 - z_1}{z_2 - z_1} \cdot \frac{z - z_2}{z - z_3}$ is a real number and the imaginary part of $z$ is the greatest possible. Find the real part of $z$.
Solution
Consider arrangements of the $9$ numbers $1, 2, 3, \dots, 9$ in a $3 \times 3$ array. For each such arrangement, let $a_1$, $a_2$, and $a_3$ be the medians of the numbers in rows $1$, $2$, and $3$ respectively, and let $m$ be the median of $\{a_1, a_2, a_3\}$. Let $Q$ be the number of arrangements for which $m = 5$. Find the remainder when $Q$ is divided by $1000$.
Call a set $S$ product-free if there do not exist $a, b, c \in S$ (not necessarily distinct) such that $a b = c$. For example, the empty set and the set $\{16, 20\}$ are product-free, whereas the sets $\{4, 16\}$ and $\{2, 8, 16\}$ are not product-free. Find the number of product-free subsets of the set $\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10\}$.
For every $m \geq 2$, let $Q(m)$ be the least positive integer with the following property: For every $n \geq Q(m)$, there is always a perfect cube $k^3$ in the range $n < k^3 \leq m \cdot n$. Find the remainder when \[\sum_{m = 2}^{2017} Q(m)\]is divided by 1000
Let $a > 1$ and $x > 1$ satisfy $\log_a(\log_a(\log_a 2) + \log_a 24 - 128) = 128$ and $\log_a(\log_a x) = 256$. Find the remainder when $x$ is divided by $1000$.
The area of the smallest equilateral triangle with one vertex on each of the sides of the right triangle with side lengths $2\sqrt3$, $5$, and $\sqrt{37}$, as shown, is $\tfrac{m\sqrt{p}}{n}$, where $m$, $n$, and $p$ are positive integers, $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime, and $p$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $m+n+p$.
Find the number of subsets of $\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8\}$ that are subsets of neither $\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}$ nor $\{4, 5, 6, 7, 8\}$.
Teams $T_1$, $T_2$, $T_3$, and $T_4$ are in the playoffs. In the semifinal matches, $T_1$ plays $T_4$, and $T_2$ plays $T_3$. The winners of those two matches will play each other in the final match to determine the champion. When $T_i$ plays $T_j$, the probability that $T_i$ wins is $\frac{i}{i+j}$, and the outcomes of all the matches are independent. The probability that $T_4$ will be the champion is $\frac{p}{q}$, where $p$ and $q$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $p+q$.
A triangle has vertices $A(0,0)$, $B(12,0)$, and $C(8,10)$. The probability that a randomly chosen point inside the triangle is closer to vertex $B$ than to either vertex $A$ or vertex $C$ can be written as $\frac{p}{q}$, where $p$ and $q$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $p+q$.
Find the number of positive integers less than or equal to $2017$ whose base-three representation contains no digit equal to $0$.
A set contains four numbers. The six pairwise sums of distinct elements of the set, in no particular order, are $189$, $320$, $287$, $234$, $x$, and $y$. Find the greatest possible value of $x+y$.
Find the sum of all positive integers $n$ such that $\sqrt{n^2+85n+2017}$ is an integer.
Find the number of integer values of $k$ in the closed interval $[-500,500]$ for which the equation $\log(kx)=2\log(x+2)$ has exactly one real solution.