Practice (EndingDigits,TheDivideByNineMethod,MODBasic,EulerFermatTheorem,CRT,TheModMethod,SquareNumber)

232

The complex numbers

$z$ and

$w$ satisfy the system

$z + \frac{20i}w = 5+i$

$w+\frac{12i}z = -4+10i$ Find the smallest possible value of

$\vert zw\vert^2$ .

233

Let $x$ and $y$ be real numbers such that $\frac{\sin x}{\sin y} = 3$ and $\frac{\cos x}{\cos y} = \frac12$ . The value of $\frac{\sin 2x}{\sin 2y} + \frac{\cos 2x}{\cos 2y}$ can be expressed in the form $\frac pq$ , where $p$ and $q$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $p+q$ .

234

Find the number of positive integers

$n$ less than

$1000$ for which there exists a positive real number

$x$ such that

$n=x\lfloor x \rfloor$ . Note:

$\lfloor x \rfloor$ is the greatest integer less than or equal to

$x$ .

235

Let

$f_1(x) = \frac23 - \frac3{3x+1}$ , and for

$n \ge 2$ , define

$f_n(x) = f_1(f_{n-1}(x))$ . The value of

$x$ that satisfies

$f_{1001}(x) = x-3$ can be expressed in the form

$\frac mn$ , where

$m$ and

$n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find

$m+n$ .

236

For a positive integer $p$ , define the positive integer $n$ to be $p$ -safe if $n$ differs in absolute value by more than $2$ from all multiples of $p$ . For example, the set of $10$ -safe numbers is $\{ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 23, \ldots\}$ . Find the number of positive integers less than or equal to $10,000$ which are simultaneously $7$ -safe, $11$ -safe, and $13$ -safe.

237

Equilateral

$\triangle ABC$ has side length

$\sqrt{111}$ . There are four distinct triangles

$AD_1E_1$ ,

$AD_1E_2$ ,

$AD_2E_3$ , and

$AD_2E_4$ , each congruent to

$\triangle ABC$ , with

$BD_1 = BD_2 = \sqrt{11}$ . Find

$\displaystyle\sum_{k=1}^4(CE_k)^2$ .

238

In a group of nine people each person shakes hands with exactly two of the other people from the group. Let $N$ be the number of ways this handshaking can occur. Consider two handshaking arrangements different if and only if at least two people who shake hands under one arrangement do not shake hands under the other arrangement. Find $N$ .

239

Triangle

$ABC$ is inscribed in circle

$\omega$ with

$AB=5$ ,

$BC=7$ , and

$AC=3$ . The bisector of angle

$A$ meets side

$\overline{BC}$ at

$D$ and circle

$\omega$ at a second point

$E$ . Let

$\gamma$ be the circle with diameter

$\overline{DE}$ . Circles

$\omega$ and

$\gamma$ meet at

$E$ and a second point

$F$ . Then

$AF^2 = \frac mn$ , where

$m$ and

$n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find

$m+n$ .

240

Jar A contains four liters of a solution that is 45% acid. Jar B contains five liters of a solution that is 48% acid. Jar C contains one liter of a solution that is

$k\%$ acid. From jar C,

$\frac{m}{n}$ liters of the solution is added to jar A, and the remainder of the solution in jar C is added to jar B. At the end both jar A and jar B contain solutions that are 50% acid. Given that

$m$ and

$n$ are relatively prime positive integers, find

$k + m + n$ .

241

In rectangle

$ABCD$ ,

$AB=12$ and

$BC=10$ . Points

$E$ and

$F$ lie inside rectangle

$ABCD$ so that

$BE=9$ ,

$DF=8$ ,

$\overline{BE}||\overline{DF}$ ,

$\overline{EF}||\overline{AB}$ , and line

$BE$ intersects segment

$\overline{AD}$ . The length

$EF$ can be expressed in the form

$m\sqrt{n}-p$ , where

$m$ ,

$n$ , and

$p$ are positive integers and

$n$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find

$m+n+p$ .

242

Let

$L$ be the line with slope

$\frac{5}{12}$ that contains the point

$A=(24,-1)$ , and let

$M$ be the line perpendicular to line

$L$ that contains the point

$B=(5,6)$ . The original coordinate axes are erased, and line

$L$ is made the

$x$ -axis and line

$M$ the

$y$ -axis. In the new coordinate system, point

$A$ is on the positive

$x$ -axis, and point

$B$ is on the positive

$y$ -axis. The point

$P$ with coordinates

$(-14,27)$ in the original system has coordinates

$(\alpha,\beta)$ in the new coordinate system. Find

$\alpha+\beta$ .

243

In triangle

$ABC$ ,

$AB=125$ ,

$AC=117$ and

$BC=120$ . The angle bisector of angle

$A$ intersects

$\overline{BC}$ at point

$L$ , and the angle bisector of angle

$B$ intersects

$\overline{AC}$ at point

$K$ . Let

$M$ and

$N$ be the feet of the perpendiculars from

$C$ to

$\overline{BK}$ and

$\overline{AL}$ , respectively. Find

$MN$ .

244

The vertices of a regular nonagon (9-sided polygon) are to be labeled with the digits 1 through 9 in such a way that the sum of the numbers on every three consecutive vertices is a multiple of 3. Two acceptable arrangements are considered to be indistinguishable if one can be obtained from the other by rotating the nonagon in the plane. Find the number of distinguishable acceptable arrangements.

245

Suppose that a parabola has vertex

$\left(\frac{1}{4},-\frac{9}{8}\right)$ and equation

$y = ax^2 + bx + c$ , where

$a > 0$ and

$a + b + c$ is an integer. The minimum possible value of

$a$ can be written in the form

$\frac{p}{q}$ , where

$p$ and

$q$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find

$p + q$ .

246

Find the number of positive integers

$m$ for which there exist nonnegative integers

$x_0$ ,

$x_1$ ,

$\dots$ ,

$x_{2011}$ such that

$m^{x_0} = \sum_{k = 1}^{2011} m^{x_k}.$

247

In triangle $ABC$ , $BC = 23$ , $CA = 27$ , and $AB = 30$ . Points $V$ and $W$ are on $\overline{AC}$ with $V$ on $\overline{AW}$ , points $X$ and $Y$ are on $\overline{BC}$ with $X$ on $\overline{CY}$ , and points $Z$ and $U$ are on $\overline{AB}$ with $Z$ on $\overline{BU}$ . In addition, the points are positioned so that $\overline{UV}\parallel\overline{BC}$ , $\overline{WX}\parallel\overline{AB}$ , and $\overline{YZ}\parallel\overline{CA}$ . Right angle folds are then made along $\overline{UV}$ , $\overline{WX}$ , and $\overline{YZ}$ . The resulting figure is placed on a level floor to make a table with triangular legs. Let $h$ be the maximum possible height of a table constructed from triangle $ABC$ whose top is parallel to the floor. Then $h$ can be written in the form $\frac{k\sqrt{m}}{n}$ , where $k$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers and $m$ is a positive integer that is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $k+m+n$ .

248

Suppose

$x$ is in the interval

$[0, \frac{\pi}{2}]$ and

$\log_{24\sin x} (24\cos x)=\frac{3}{2}$ . Find

$24\cot^2 x$ .

249

The probability that a set of three distinct vertices chosen at random from among the vertices of a regular

$n$ -gon determine an obtuse triangle is

$\frac{93}{125}$ . Find the sum of all possible values of

$n$ .

250

Let

$R$ be the set of all possible remainders when a number of the form

$2^n$ , where

$n$ is a non-negative integer, is divided by

$1000$ . Let

$S$ be the sum of the elements in

$R$ . Find the remainder when

$S$ is divided by

$1000$ .

251

Six men and some number of women stand in a line in random order. Let

$p$ be the probability that a group of at least four men stand together in the line, given that every man stands next to at least one other man. Find the least number of women in the line such that

$p$ does not exceed

$1$ percent.

252

A cube with side length 10 is suspended above a plane. The vertex closest to the plane is labeled

$A$ . The three vertices adjacent to vertex

$A$ are at heights 10, 11, and 12 above the plane. The distance from vertex

$A$ to the plane can be expressed as

$\frac{r-\sqrt{s}}{t}$ , where

$r$ ,

$s$ , and

$t$ are positive integers, and

$r+s+t<{1000}$ . Find

$r+s+t$ .

253

Let

$A_1 A_2 A_3 A_4 A_5 A_6 A_7 A_8$ be a regular octagon. Let

$M_1$ ,

$M_3$ ,

$M_5$ , and

$M_7$ be the midpoints of sides

$\overline{A_1 A_2}$ ,

$\overline{A_3 A_4}$ ,

$\overline{A_5 A_6}$ , and

$\overline{A_7 A_8}$ , respectively. For

$i = 1, 3, 5, 7$ , ray

$R_i$ is constructed from

$M_i$ towards the interior of the octagon such that

$R_1 \perp R_3$ ,

$R_3 \perp R_5$ ,

$R_5 \perp R_7$ , and

$R_7 \perp R_1$ . Pairs of rays

$R_1$ and

$R_3$ ,

$R_3$ and

$R_5$ ,

$R_5$ and

$R_7$ , and

$R_7$ and

$R_1$ meet at

$B_1$ ,

$B_3$ ,

$B_5$ ,

$B_7$ respectively. If

$B_1 B_3 = A_1 A_2$ , then

$\cos 2 \angle A_3 M_3 B_1$ can be written in the form

$m - \sqrt{n}$ , where

$m$ and

$n$ are positive integers. Find

$m + n$ .

254

For some integer

$m$ , the polynomial

$x^3 - 2011x + m$ has the three integer roots

$a$ ,

$b$ , and

$c$ . Find

$|a| + |b| + |c|$ .

255

Gary purchased a large beverage, but only drank

$m\/n$ of it, where

$m$ and

$n$ are relatively prime positive integers. If he had purchased half as much and drunk twice as much, he would have wasted only

$2\/9$ as much beverage. Find

$m+n$ .

256

On square

$ABCD$ , point

$E$ lies on side

$AD$ and point

$F$ lies on side

$BC$ , so that

$BE=EF=FD=30$ . Find the area of the square

$ABCD$ .

PolynomialAndEquation SpecialEquation CeilingAndFloor Function PlaneGeometry SolidGemoetry CoordinatedGeometry Combinatorics AdditionPrinciple IntegerSolution BasicCountingPattern NumberTheoryBasic EulerFermatTheorem CRT ComplexNumber TrigIdentity

AIME

With Solutions

Practice (EndingDigits,TheDivideByNineMethod,MODBasic,EulerFermatTheorem,CRT,TheModMethod,SquareNumber)

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