IndeterminateEquation
USAMO
2017
Consider the equation \[\left(3x^3 + xy^2 \right) \left(x^2y + 3y^3 \right) = (x-y)^7.\]
(a) Prove that there are infinitely many pairs $(x,y)$ of positive integers satisfying the equation.
(b) Describe all pairs $(x,y)$ of positive integers satisfying the equation.